CAUSE AND EFFECT : APPLICATED WITH DIALOGUE

 CAUSSE AND AFFECT : APPLICATED WITH DIALOGUE

The first thing to remember with causality, especially in the non-physical sciences, is that it is impossible to establish complete causality.

However, the magical figure of 100% proof of causality is what every researcher must strive for, to ensure that a group of their peers will accept the results. The only way to do this is through a strong and well-considered experimental design, often containing pilot studies to establish cause and effect before plowing on with a complex and expensive study.

The temporal factor is usually the easiest aspect to neutralize, simply because most experiments involve administering a treatment and then observing the effects, giving a linear temporal relationship. In experiments that use historical data, as with the drinking/depression example, this can be a little more complex. Most researchers performing such a program will supplement it with a series of individual case studies, and interviewing a selection of the participants, in depth, will allow the researchers to find the order of events.
   in this post i will give example of cause and effect in chemistry with dialogue , let's look the dialogue:

Eko : hi ferdi

Ferdi     : hello eko , what's up ?

Eko : could i ask to you about chemistry experiment yesterday ?

Ferdi     : of course

Eko : ok , our topic in laboratory yesterday is about "PH" right ?

ferdi   : that's right , and your question ?

Eko : i've read the hand book , and in the book i found that if we mix Naoh and destilate water and then we use ph indicator fenolflatein the colour is red , but if we use fenolftalein in acid the colour will change to normal like water
 its right ?

Ferdi   : yes , thats correct eko , it happens because fenolftalein have own range ph to change the colour
when fenolftalein add to acid the colour just like normal , but if we add this indicator to alkali or bases with 8,3 - 10 ph range the colour will be change to red

Eko : hmm , i see thanks for your explanation ferdi

Ferdi : your welcome eko

and this is the ilustration of the cause and effect

Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life

Some Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life

Science being a subject of common interest, it is very intriguing to analyze visual experiments happening in day-to-day life. There are a plethora of products that you use everyday, which are formulated with application of chemical reaction. Say for example; toothpaste, soap, shampoo, cleaning agent, etc. are all results of chemical reactions. Following are some of the most profound chemical reactions, which we encounter in everyday life :

Aerobic Respiration
Do you know indulging in physical movements is associated with a chemical reaction? The process requires energy, which is yielded by aerobic respiration. Over here, respiration helps breaks down glucose (an energy source) into water, carbon dioxide and energy in form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The balanced cellular respiration equation is represented as:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2+ 6H2O + Energy (36 ATPs)

Anaerobic Respiration
Due to overexercising, sometimes our body cells run out of oxygen and respire anaerobically. This cause synthesis of lactic acid and cause muscle cramps. Anaerobic respiration is observed in some bacteria, yeast and other organisms. In contrary to the aerobic type, it breaks down glucose in the absence of oxygen, resulting in production of ethanol, carbon dioxide and energy. Anaerobic respiration equation is:

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + Energy

Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants manufacture their own food. This occurs in presence of sunlight and other raw materials, namely carbon dioxide and water. The chlorophyll pigment harvests the light energy from sunlight, which is then converted into glucose by the phenomenon of photosynthesis. In short, it is the opposite of aerobic respiration. The equation for photosynthesis is:

6 CO2+ 6 H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Rusting of Iron
Very often, you notice a coating of rust over unpainted iron surfaces, which gradually leads to disintegration of iron. This is nothing, but a chemical phenomenon called rusting. In this case, iron (a very reactive metal) combines with oxygen in presence of water (more precisely, atmospheric moisture), resulting in formation of iron oxides. The chemical reaction behind rusting can be simply represented as:

Fe + O2 + H2O → Fe2O3. XH2O

Propane Grill
Have you ever prepared meat in a propane grill? The meat placed over the burner is cooked with the help of heat energy released after burning of propane gas. Thus, propane is the reactant which when burnt with the help of oxygen gives heat energy and other byproducts. Check out the balanced equation for the combustion reaction that take place in a propane grill:

C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2 + energy

Whether you consider cooking, souring, fermenting or burning, there is a chemical reaction accompanying these everyday processes. Thus, it won't be wrong to say learning chemistry and chemical reactions start at home.

Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/chemical-reactions-in-everyday-life.html